A 3D discrete FEM iterative algorithm for solving the water pipe cooling problems of massive concrete structures          下载免费PDF全文

Jing Cheng  T. C. Li  Xiaoqing Liu  L. H. Zhao 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(4):487-508

Water pipe cooling has been widely used for the temperature control and crack prevention of massive concrete structures such as high dams. Because both under‐cooling and over‐cooling may reduce the efficiency of crack prevention, or even lead to great harm to structures, we need an accurate and robust numerical tool for the prediction of cooling effect. Here, a 3D discrete FEM Iterative Algorithm is introduced, which can simulate the concrete temperature gradient near the pipes, as well as the water temperature rising along the pipes. On the basis of the heat balance between water and concrete, the whole temperature field of the problem can be computed exactly within a few iteration steps. Providing the pipe meshing tool for building the FE model, this algorithm can take account of the water pipe distribution, the variation of water flow, water temperature, and other factors, while the traditional equivalent algorithm based on semi‐theoretical solutions can only solve problems with constant water flow and water temperature. The validation and convergence are proved by comparing the simulated results and analytical solutions of two standard second‐stage cooling problems. Then, a practical concrete block with different cooling schemes is analyzed and the influences of cooling factors are investigated. In the end, detailed guidance for pipe system optimization is provided. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A multiphase approach for evaluating the horizontal and rocking impedances of pile group foundations          下载免费PDF全文

V.T. Nguyen  G. Hassen  P. de Buhan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(10):1454-1471

This paper advocates the use of a multiphase model, already developed for static or quasi‐static geotechnical engineering problems, for simulating the behaviour of piled raft foundations subject to horizontal as well as rocking dynamic solicitations. It is shown that such a model, implemented in a FEM code, yields appropriate predictions for the foundation impedance characteristics, provided that shear and bending effects in the piles are taken into account, thus corroborating the findings of the asymptotic homogenization theory. Besides, it is notably pointed out that such a multiphase‐based computational tool makes it possible to assess the dynamic behaviour of pile groups in a much quicker way than when using direct numerical simulations, which may face oversized problems when large pile groups are concerned. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

国内外岩溶塌陷监测方法综述   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吴亚楠  周绍智  王延岭  焦玉国  陈伟清  程凤  赵志伟 《山东国土资源》2018,34(12)

岩溶塌陷是全球广泛分布的地质灾害问题,严重影响和制约了岩溶地区社会、经济发展,因此,开展岩溶塌陷监测工作,对塌陷预测预报具有及其重要的作用。岩溶塌陷的监测技术与塌陷形成的机理关系密切。该文分析了岩溶塌陷的分布规律和形成的条件,系统总结了国内外岩溶塌陷的监测内容、技术方法、各自优缺点,如BOTDR监测、TDR监测、地质雷达监测、水动力条件监测及地-沉降等方法,为系统性地开展岩溶塌陷监测工作提供技术和方法参考,展望了未来的岩溶塌陷监测工作,认为岩溶塌陷监测需结合塌陷的形成机理、塌陷地区覆盖层特征及水动力条件,综合利用多种监测手段联合进行,并形成完善的监测网络。  相似文献   

Exploring the ‘ethical everyday’: An ethnography of the ethics of family consumption     

Sarah Marie Hall 《Geoforum》2011,42(6):627-637

Using ethnographic research with six families in the North West of England (2007–2009), this paper opens up the ‘black box’ of everyday ethical consumption by adding colour and form to these everyday experiences. While recent geographical literature has recognised the ethical considerations that are implicit in everyday consumption practices, there is a noticeable void of research that explores and fleshes out the everyday ethical actions of individuals and families as consumers. By exploring the everyday ethics of money, waste and health choices in family consumption practices, this paper makes the case for recognising the ethical nature of everyday practices and choices of consumption. It is argued that rather than consumers subscribing to a given set of ethics in consumption, there are multiple ways of recognising consumption as an ethically-embedded process.  相似文献   

X射线荧光光谱分析方法的共享   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

马天芳  李小莉  陈永君  邓震平  李国会 《岩矿测试》2011,30(4):486-490

探索了在同一类型X射线荧光光谱仪器之间分析方法共享的可能性。基于量值归一的原理,使用标准化样品建立了两台仪器之间测量数据的可比性,使一台X射线荧光光谱仪建立的分析方法,能够简单转移到其他同一类型的X射线荧光光谱仪上使用,可以获得同样的分析精确度和准确度,从而实现分析方法的共享。实验数据表明,建立的方法简单、实用,能够节约分析方法建立过程中的人力、物力和资源,又能够更好地发挥科学仪器的作用,促进分析方法的标准化和网络化。  相似文献   

石棉控制法规及其检测方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

鲍俊  王全林 《岩矿测试》2011,30(5):644-653

介绍了石棉的特性、危害,以及在建筑、纺织、设备制造业和国防工业等方面的应用情况.讨论了能够导致石棉肺、恶性间皮瘤、肺癌、支气管癌等恶性疾病的石棉纤维形态及进入人体的途径.对世界卫生组织、国际劳工组织、联合国环境规划署、联合国粮食及农业组织和世界贸易组织,以及美国、欧盟、日本、中国等40多个国家关于石棉控制法规的实施历程...  相似文献   

污染调查中的水、土样品采集技术          下载免费PDF全文

靳成军  郑继天 《探矿工程》2011,38(11):38-41

地下水污染日益严重。钻探是地下水污染勘察方法中最直接、最准确的技术方法,是地下水污染调查的重要手段之一。通过取心、取样,可以获得地下污染信息。取心、取样质量的好坏对取得的地下水污染调查资料真实性至关重要。在地下水污染调查中,要根据调查场地的条件和调查目的选择合适的采样方法,并严格按照操作规程进行采样,以取得真实、有代表性的样品。  相似文献   

廊坊地区土壤重金属污染程度评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡奎  栾文楼  李超  陈智贤  谷海峰  宋泽峰 《物探与化探》2011,35(5):675-679

利用河北省多目标地球化学调查资料,研究了廊坊地区表层土壤中重金属元素As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb的富集特征与污染程度.与我国土壤元素背景值相比,廊坊地区表层土壤中Hg的富集系数较大;与研究区元素背景值相比,Cd、Hg富集系数较大,富集程度依次为Hg＞ Cd＞ Pb＞ Cr＞ As.地积累指数污染评价结果表明,以全国土壤...  相似文献   

高密度电法在泰安羊娄-旧县岩溶塌陷探测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭栋栋  赵俐红  高宗军 《地下水》2011,33(2):108-110

泰安东南羊娄-旧县是典型的岩溶塌陷的受灾区域,前人在此区内进行了多次研究并得出了该区域内地质推断.为验证这些推断,本文在总结前人研究的基础上,利用高密度电阻率法对该区近几年塌陷是否仍然进行以及目前发育的最新程度进行了对比总结.此次基本验证了前人在工作区内关于塌陷是由于地下水水位变动的基本论断,总结了开展对比性物探方法的...  相似文献   

最可靠的非开挖地下岩体结构勘察方法——高精度超声波钻孔成像     

李印  沈茂丁  徐华文 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(2):55-58,67

主要通过超声成像测井在长江某穿越工程区勘察工程中的应用研究,类比常规勘察技术和其他钻孔成像技术,并结合超声测井在国内其他方面的案例,剖析新一代超声测井仪的优势所在：如在基岩风化带的描述、岩石质量指标RQD分析,特别是地下岩体裂隙、节理等地质结构信息的精确揭露上,具备其他勘察手段无法比拟的优势,可以提供大量有效可视的钻孔岩体定量数据,为工程设计的定量化分析提供了详细的数据资料。可以说在揭露地下岩体结构方面,高精度超声测井是目前为止最为有效可靠的手段。  相似文献